Why is nitrogen more stable than oxygen?

Nitrogen is more stable than oxygen due to the number of bonds between nitrogen atoms in nitrogen gas (N2). The nitrogen atoms in N2 are held together by a triple bond, which consists of three covalent bonds. This results in a highly stable, non-reactive molecule that makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere.

In contrast, oxygen atoms in oxygen gas (O2) are held together by a double bond, which consists of two covalent bonds. This results in a highly reactive and highly electronegative molecule that is essential for life on Earth.

The stability of a molecule depends on several factors, including the strength of the bonds between the atoms, the electronic configuration of the atoms, and the overall energy of the molecule. The stability of a molecule also affects its reactivity and the ease with which it can form chemical bonds with other substances.

In general, molecules with triple bonds are more stable and less reactive than those with double bonds, which are more reactive and less stable. The stability of nitrogen gas, with its triple bond, contributes to its non-reactivity and its role as an important component of the Earth's atmosphere.